Article Review: Description Histology to Gastric Ulcer in Human

Authors

  • Hasan Ali Mohamed Aljezani1 Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Al-Karkh University for Science, Baghdad, IRAQ.
  • Rafeef Yousif Rashid Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Al-Karkh University for Science, Baghdad, IRAQ.
  • Esraa Hasan Ali Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IRAQ.

Keywords:

Gastric ulcer, Gastric juice pH, Mucous defenses, harmonic ulcers, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs), Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), Histamine-2 (H2) receptor inhibitors, Side effects, Recurrence, Pharmacological combination

Abstract

A recurrent condition that affects up to 10% of people worldwide is gastric ulceration illness. The existence of gastric juice pH with the lowering of mucous defences is prerequisites for the development of chronic ulcers. The main variables affecting the mucosa susceptibility to damage include Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) including histamine-2 (H2) receptor inhibitors, two common therapies for peptic ulcers, have been linked to side impacts, recurrence or a variety of pharmacological combinations. Conversely, therapeutic herbs or the chemicals they contain may be used to cure or eliminate a wide range of illnesses. Therefore, prominent pharmaceutical herbs that can be utilised to cure or avoid ulcers in the intestines are presented in this research.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Tarnawski A.S. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of gastrointestinal ulcer healing. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2005;50(Suppl. 1):S24–S33. doi: 10.1007/s10620-005-2803-6.

Laine L., Takeuchi K., Tarnawski A. Gastric mucosal defense and cytoprotection: Bench to bedside. Gastroenterology. 2008;135:41–60. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.05.030.

Tarnawski A. Molecular mechanisms of ulcer healing. Drug News Perspect. 2000;13:158–168. doi: 10.1358/dnp.2000.13.3.858438.

Baatar D., Kawanaka H., Szabo I.L., Pai R., Jones M.K., Kitano S., Tarnawski A.S. Esophageal ulceration activates keratinocyte growth factor and its receptor in rats: Implications for ulcer healing. Gastroenterology. 2002;122:458–468. doi: 10.1053/gast.2002.31004.

Vanwijck R. Surgical biology of wound healing. Bull. Mem. Acad. R. Med. Belg. 2001;156:175–184; discussion 185.

Tarnawski A.S., Jones M.K., Ahluwalia A. Dedifferentiation and reprogramming of epithelial cells during gastric ulcer healing is triggered by hypoxia and a well-coordinated, sequential activation of egfr signaling: Cross talk with IGF1 and COX2. Gastroenterology. 2021;160:S77–S78. doi: 10.1016/S0016-5085(21)00932-X.

Okamoto R., Yajima T., Yamazaki M., Kanai T., Mukai M., Okamoto S., Ikeda Y., Hibi T., Inazawa J., Watanabe M. Damaged epithelia regenerated by bone marrow-derived cells in the human gastrointestinal tract. Nat. Med. 2002;8:1011–1017. doi: 10.1038/nm755.

Takahashi K., Yamanaka S. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell. 2006;126:663–676. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.07.024.

He S., Liu N., Bayliss G., Zhuang S. EGFR activity is required for renal tubular cell dedifferentiation and proliferation in a murine model of folic acid-induced acute kidney injury. Am. J. Physiol. Renal. Physiol. 2013;304:F356–F366. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00553.2012.

Chang-Panesso M., Kadyrov F.F., Lalli M., Wu H., Ikeda S., Kefaloyianni E., Abdelmageed M.M., Herrlich A., Kobayashi A., Humphreys B.D. FOXM1 drives proximal tubule proliferation during repair from acute ischemic kidney injury. J. Clin. Investig. 2019;129:5501–5517. doi: 10.1172/JCI125519.

Sabbah D.A., Hajjo R., Sweidan K. Review on Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Structure, Signaling Pathways, Interactions, and Recent Updates of EGFR Inhibitors. Curr. Top. Med. Chem. 2020;20:815–834. doi: 10.2174/1568026620666200303123102.

Singh B., Carpenter G., Coffey R.J. EGF receptor ligands: Recent advances. F1000Research. 2016;5 doi: 10.12688/f1000research.9025.1.

Zhang H.X., Yang J.J., Zhang S.A., Zhang S.M., Wang J.X., Xu Z.Y., Lin R.Y. HIF-1alpha promotes inflammatory response of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by activating EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway. Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci. 2018;22:6077–6084. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201809_15946.

Pai R., Soreghan B., Szabo I.L., Pavelka M., Baatar D., Tarnawski A.S. Prostaglandin E2 transactivates EGF receptor: A novel mechanism for promoting colon cancer growth and gastrointestinal hypertrophy. Nat. Med. 2002;8:289–293. doi: 10.1038/nm0302-289.

Yetkin G., Celebi N., Ozer C., Gonul B., Ozogul C. The healing effect of TGF-alpha on gastric ulcer induced by acetylsalicylic acid in rats. Int. J. Pharm. 2004;277:163–172. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2003.09.051.

Aihara E., Engevik K.A., Montrose M.H. Trefoil Factor Peptides and Gastrointestinal Function. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 2017;79:357–380. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021115-105447.

Busch M., Dunker N. Trefoil factor family peptides--friends or foes? Biomol. Concepts. 2015;6:343–359. doi: 10.1515/bmc-2015-0020.

Hoffmann W. Trefoil factors TFF (trefoil factor family) peptide-triggered signals promoting mucosal restitution. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2005;62:2932–2938. doi: 10.1007/s00018-005-5481-9.

Hernandez C., Santamatilde E., McCreath K.J., Cervera A.M., Diez I., Ortiz-Masia D., Martinez N., Calatayud S., Esplugues J.V., Barrachina M.D. Induction of trefoil factor (TFF)1, TFF2 and TFF3 by hypoxia is mediated by hypoxia inducible factor-1: Implications for gastric mucosal healing. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2009;156:262–272. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2008.00044.x.

Farrell J.J., Taupin D., Koh T.J., Chen D., Zhao C.M., Podolsky D.K., Wang T.C. TFF2/SP-deficient mice show decreased gastric proliferation, increased acid secretion, and increased susceptibility to NSAID injury. J. Clin. Investig. 2002;109:193–204. doi: 10.1172/JCI0212529.

Buda A., Jepson M.A., Pignatelli M. Regulatory function of trefoil peptides (TFF) on intestinal cell junctional complexes. Cell Commun. Adhes. 2012;19:63–68. doi: 10.3109/15419061.2012.748326.

Nakamura T., Mizuno S. The discovery of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its significance for cell biology, life sciences and clinical medicine. Proc. Jpn. Acad. Ser. B Phys. Biol. Sci. 2010;86:588–610. doi: 10.2183/pjab.86.588.

Beenken A., Mohammadi M. The FGF family: Biology, pathophysiology and therapy. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2009;8:235–253. doi: 10.1038/nrd2792.

Turner N., Grose R. Fibroblast growth factor signalling: From development to cancer. Nat. Rev. Cancer. 2010;10:116–129. doi: 10.1038/nrc2780.

Florkiewicz R.Z., Ahluwalia A., Sandor Z., Szabo S., Tarnawski A.S. Gastric mucosal injury activates bFGF gene expression and triggers preferential translation of high molecular weight bFGF isoforms through CUG-initiated, non-canonical codons. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2011;409:494–499. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.05.033.

Rabinovsky E.D. The multifunctional role of IGF-1 in peripheral nerve regeneration. Neurol. Res. 2004;26:204–210. doi: 10.1179/016164104225013851.

Nguyen T., Chai J., Li A., Akahoshi T., Tanigawa T., Tarnawski A.S. Novel roles of local insulin-like growth factor-1 activation in gastric ulcer healing: Promotes actin polymerization, cell proliferation, re-epithelialization, and induces cyclooxygenase-2 in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent manner. Am. J. Pathol. 2007;170:1219–1228. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2007.060745.

Ferrara N. VEGF as a therapeutic target in cancer. Oncology. 2005;69(Suppl. 3):11–16. doi: 10.1159/000088479.

Nico B., Mangieri D., Benagiano V., Crivellato E., Ribatti D. Nerve growth factor as an angiogenic factor. Microvasc. Res. 2008;75:135–141. doi: 10.1016/j.mvr.2007.07.004.

Carmeliet P. Angiogenesis in health and disease. Nat. Med. 2003;9:653–660. doi: 10.1038/nm0603-653.

Ahluwalia A., Brzozowski T., Jones M.K., Ichikawa Y., Tarnawski A.S. Formation of new blood vessels during gastric ulcer healing. Role of bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2017;68:585–589.

Ahluwalia A., Jones M.K., Brzozowska I., Tarnawski A.S. In vitro model of vasculo-angiogenesis: Demonstration that bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells form new hybrid capillary blood vessels jointly with gastric endothelial cells. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2017;68:841–846.

Tarnawski A.S., Ahluwalia A. Molecular mechanisms of epithelial regeneration and neovascularization during healing of gastric and esophageal ulcers. Curr. Med. Chem. 2012;19:16–27. doi: 10.2174/092986712803414088.

Tarnawski A.S., Ahluwalia A., Jones M.K. Angiogenesis in gastric mucosa: An important component of gastric erosion and ulcer healing and its impairment in aging. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2014;29(Suppl. 4):112–123. doi: 10.1111/jgh.12734.

Balaji S., King A., Crombleholme T.M., Keswani S.G. The Role of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Postnatal Vasculogenesis: Implications for Therapeutic Neovascularization and Wound Healing. Adv. Wound Care. 2013;2:283–295. doi: 10.1089/wound.2012.0398.

Matta A., Nader V., Galinier M., Roncalli J. Transplantation of CD34+ cells for myocardial ischemia. World J. Transplant. 2021;11:138–146. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v11.i5.138.

Naito H., Iba T., Takakura N. Mechanisms of new blood-vessel formation and proliferative heterogeneity of endothelial cells. Int. Immunol. 2020;32:295–305. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa008.

Deng X., Szabo S., Chen L., Paunovic B., Khomenko T., Tolstanova G., Tarnawski A.S., Jones M.K., Sandor Z. New cell therapy using bone marrow-derived stem cells/endothelial progenitor cells to accelerate neovascularization in healing of experimental ulcerative colitis. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2011;17:1643–1651. doi: 10.2174/138161211796197007.

Ahluwalia A., Jones M.K., Brzozowski T., Tarnawski A.S. Nerve growth factor is critical requirement for in vitro angiogenesis in gastric endothelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016;311:G981–G987. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00334.2016.

Tanigawa T., Ahluwalia A., Watanabe T., Arakawa T., Tarnawski A.S. Nerve growth factor injected into the gastric ulcer base incorporates into endothelial, neuronal, glial and epithelial cells: Implications for angiogenesis, mucosal regeneration and ulcer healing. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2015;66:617–621.

Ahluwalia A., Jones M.K., Hoa N., Zhu E., Brzozowski T., Tarnawski A.S. Reduced NGF in gastric endothelial cells is one of the main causes of impaired angiogenesis in aging gastric mucosa. Cell Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2018;6:199–213. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.05.003.

Aihara E., Matthis A.L., Karns R.A., Engevik K.A., Jiang P., Wang J., Yacyshyn B.R., Montrose M.H. Epithelial Regeneration After Gastric Ulceration Causes Prolonged Cell-Type Alterations. Cell Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2016;2:625–647. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2016.05.005.

Matthis A.L., Kaji I., Engevik K.A., Akiba Y., Kaunitz J.D., Montrose M.H., Aihara E. Deficient Active Transport Activity in Healing Mucosa After Mild Gastric Epithelial Damage. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2020;65:119–131. doi: 10.1007/s10620-019-05825-x.

Mitchell A.C., Briquez P.S., Hubbell J.A., Cochran J.R. Engineering growth factors for regenerative medicine applications. Acta Biomater. 2016;30:1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.11.007.

Oncel S., Gupta R., Wang Q., Basson M.D. ZINC40099027 Promotes Gastric Mucosal Repair in Ongoing Aspirin-Associated Gastric Injury by Activating Focal Adhesion Kinase. Cells. 2021;10:908. doi: 10.3390/cells10040908.

More S.K., Wang Q., Vomhof-DeKrey E.E., Porter J.E., Basson M.D. ZINC40099027 activates human focal adhesion kinase by accelerating the enzymatic activity of the FAK kinase domain. Pharmacol. Res. Perspect. 2021;9:e00737. doi: 10.1002/prp2.737.

Wang Q., More S.K., Vomhof-DeKrey E.E., Golovko M.Y., Basson M.D. Small molecule FAK activator promotes human intestinal epithelial monolayer wound closure and mouse ulcer healing. Sci. Rep. 2019;9:14669. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51183-z.

Bruggeman K.F., Wang Y., Maclean F.L., Parish C.L., Williams R.J., Nisbet D.R. Temporally controlled growth factor delivery from a self-assembling peptide hydrogel and electrospun nanofibre composite scaffold. Nanoscale. 2017;9:13661–13669. doi: 10.1039/C7NR05004F.

Yamakawa S., Hayashida K. Advances in surgical applications of growth factors for wound healing. Burns Trauma. 2019;7:10. doi: 10.1186/s41038-019-0148-1.

Yang S., Geng Z., Ma K., Sun X., Fu X. Efficacy of Topical Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor for Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Low Extrem. Wounds. 2016;15:120–125. doi: 10.1177/1534734616645444.

Scida S, Russo M, Miraglia C, Leandro G, Franzoni L, Meschi T, De' Angelis GL, Di Mario F. Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and GERD. Acta Biomed. 2018 Dec 17;89(8-S):40-43.

Kayali S, Manfredi M, Gaiani F, Bianchi L, Bizzarri B, Leandro G, Di Mario F, De' Angelis GL. Helicobacter pylori, transmission routes and recurrence of infection: state of the art. Acta Biomed. 2018 Dec 17;89(8-S):72-76.

Barchi A, Miraglia C, Violi A, Cambiè G, Nouvenne A, Capasso M, Leandro G, Meschi T, De' Angelis GL, Di Mario F. A non-invasive method for the diagnosis of upper GI diseases. Acta Biomed. 2018 Dec 17;89(8-S):40-43.

Graham DY, Lu H, Dore MP. Relative potency of proton-pump inhibitors, Helicobacter pylori therapy cure rates, and meaning of double-dose PPI. Helicobacter. 2019 Feb;24(1):e12554.

Zubair M., Ahmad J. Role of growth factors and cytokines in diabetic foot ulcer healing: A detailed review. Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord. 2019;20:207–217. doi: 10.1007/s11154-019-09492-1.

Barrientos S., Brem H., Stojadinovic O., Tomic-Canic M. Clinical application of growth factors and cytokines in wound healing. Wound Repair. Regen. 2014;22:569–578. doi: 10.1111/wrr.12205.

Gwee K.A., Goh V., Lima G., Setia S. Coprescribing Proton-Pump Inhibitors with Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Risks versus Benefits. J. Pain Res. 2018;11:361–374. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S156938.

Mahmoud Y.I., Abd El-Ghffar E.A. Spirulina Ameliorates Aspirin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Albino Mice by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Biomed. Pharmacother. 2019;109:314–321. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.118.

Wang Q., More S.K., Vomhof-DeKrey E.E., Golovko M.Y., Basson M.D. Small Molecule FAK Activator Promotes Human Intestinal Epithelial Monolayer Wound Closure and Mouse Ulcer Healing. Sci. Rep. 2019;9:1–11. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51183-z.

Narayanan M, Reddy KM, Marsicano E. Peptic Ulcer Disease and Helicobacter pylori infection. Mo Med. 2018 May-Jun;115(3):219-224.

Lanas Á, Carrera-Lasfuentes P, Arguedas Y, García S, Bujanda L, Calvet X, Ponce J, Perez-Aísa Á, Castro M, Muñoz M, Sostres C, García-Rodríguez LA. Risk of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antiplatelet agents, or anticoagulants. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 May;13(5):906-12.e2.

Huang JQ, Sridhar S, Hunt RH. Role of Helicobacter pylori infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in peptic-ulcer disease: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 2002 Jan 05;359(9300):14-22.

Snowden FM. Emerging and reemerging diseases: a historical perspective. Immunol Rev. 2008 Oct;225(1):9-26.

Lanas A, Chan FKL. Peptic ulcer disease. Lancet. 2017 Aug 05;390(10094):613-624.

ASGE Standards of Practice Committee. Banerjee S, Cash BD, Dominitz JA, Baron TH, Anderson MA, Ben-Menachem T, Fisher L, Fukami N, Harrison ME, Ikenberry SO, Khan K, Krinsky ML, Maple J, Fanelli RD, Strohmeyer L. The role of endoscopy in the management of patients with peptic ulcer disease. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010 Apr;71(4):663-8.

Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O'Morain CA, Gisbert JP, Kuipers EJ, Axon AT, Bazzoli F, Gasbarrini A, Atherton J, Graham DY, Hunt R, Moayyedi P, Rokkas T, Rugge M, Selgrad M, Suerbaum S, Sugano K, El-Omar EM., European Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group and Consensus panel. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection-the Maastricht V/Florence Consensus Report. Gut. 2017 Jan;66(1):6-30.

Strand DS, Kim D, Peura DA. 25 Years of Proton Pump Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Review. Gut Liver. 2017 Jan 15;11(1):27-37.

Sachdeva AK, Zaren HA, Sigel B. Surgical treatment of peptic ulcer disease. Med Clin North Am. 1991 Jul;75(4):999-1012.

Chatila AT, Bilal M, Guturu P. Evaluation and management of acute pancreatitis. World J Clin Cases. 2019 May 06;7(9):1006-1020.

Gomes CA, Junior CS, Di Saverio S, Sartelli M, Kelly MD, Gomes CC, Gomes FC, Corrêa LD, Alves CB, Guimarães SF. Acute calculous cholecystitis: Review of current best practices. World J Gastrointest Surg. 2017 May 27;9(5):118-126.

Albulushi A, Giannopoulos A, Kafkas N, Dragasis S, Pavlides G, Chatzizisis YS. Acute right ventricular myocardial infarction. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2018 Jul;16(7):455-464.

Gnanapandithan K, Feuerstadt P. Review Article: Mesenteric Ischemia. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2020 Mar 17;22(4):17.

Gnanapandithan K, Sharma A. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing; Treasure Island (FL): Jun 27, 2022. Mesenteric Vasculitis.

Young PJ, Bagshaw SM, Forbes A, Nichol A, Wright SE, Bellomo R, Bailey MJ, Beasley RW, Eastwood GM, Festa M, Gattas D, van Haren F, Litton E, Mouncey PR, Navarra L, Pilcher D, Mackle DM, McArthur CJ, McGuinness SP, Saxena MK, Webb S, Rowan KM., Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group on behalf of the PEPTIC investigators. A cluster randomised, crossover, registry-embedded clinical trial of proton pump inhibitors versus histamine-2 receptor blockers for ulcer prophylaxis therapy in the intensive care unit (PEPTIC study): study protocol. Crit Care Resusc. 2018 Sep;20(3):182-189.

Ayoub F, Khullar V, Banerjee D, Stoner P, Lambrou T, Westerveld DR, Hanayneh W, Kamel AY, Estores D. Once Versus Twice-Daily Oral Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy for Prevention of Peptic Ulcer Rebleeding: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis. Gastroenterology Res. 2018 Jun;11(3):200-206.

Downloads

Published

2023-10-31

How to Cite

Aljezani, H. A. M., Rashid, R. Y., & Ali, E. H. (2023). Article Review: Description Histology to Gastric Ulcer in Human. Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 2(5), 192–204. Retrieved from https://jrasb.com/index.php/jrasb/article/view/370

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 5 (2023): October Issue

Section

Articles

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.